Evaluation Metrics

Point-in-Time Correctness (PIT): How to Prevent Time Travel in ML Data

Imagine a model that predicts loan defaults. During training, the pipeline pulls account_balance from the warehouse today, but the examples […]

Imagine hiring a new teammate who can search the web, write code, call APIs, and make decisions without asking for

ONNX (Open Neural Network Exchange) is a standard, open-source format for representing machine learning models as a computation graph. In

This article is a system-design blueprint for a YouTube-like recommender: how it serves results in milliseconds, how it learns from

Imagine that you need to open $K$ new coffee shops in a city. You want each person to walk to

Guardrails are the technical and operational controls that reduce the chance an LLM system causes harm, violates policy, leaks sensitive

Perplexity answers one narrow question: When the true next token is revealed, how confused/uncertain is the model? It is a

Adjusted R-squared is one of those metrics that shows up early in regression, but it often feels like a small

When you train a regression model, you usually want to answer a simple question: How well does this model explain

Imagine you’re teaching a robot to write poetry. You give it a prompt, and it generates a poem. But how

Clustering is an unsupervised ML that aims to categorize a set of objects into groups based on similarity. The core

Anomaly detection, also known as outlier detection, aims at identifying instances that deviate significantly from the norm within a dataset.